<\/p>\n
CENEVRE (20 Mart 2018) \u2013 BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Ofisi taraf\u0131ndan Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan rapora* g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc halin rutin olarak uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00fczbinlerce ki\u015finin -\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 ve hareket \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden keyfi olarak mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan, i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, keyfi tutuklama ile \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na kadar uzanan, insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde ihlal edilmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1 Ocak ve 31 Aral\u0131k 2017 d\u00f6nemini kapsayan rapor, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc halin insan haklar\u0131 durumunun k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesine ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurumsal ve sosyo-ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde uzun s\u00fcreli etkisi olabilece\u011fi\u201d uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Ofisi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 15 Temmuz 2016\u2019da yap\u0131lan darbe giri\u015fimini ve bir dizi ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131rken kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kompleks zorluklar\u0131 kabul etmekle birlikte, rapor, \u201c[ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal] kararnamelerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oklu\u011fu, s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fe y\u00f6nelen tehditlerle alakas\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131\u2026. ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal yetkilerinin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ele\u015ftiren veya ona muhalefet edenleri bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etti\u011finin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Komiseri Zeid Ra\u2019ad Al Hussein \u201cRakamlar \u00e7ok sars\u0131c\u0131: 18 ayl\u0131k ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal d\u00f6nemi boyunca yakla\u015f\u0131k 160.000 ki\u015fi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu keyfi bir \u015fekilde olmak \u00fczere aralar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretmen, h\u00e2kim ve avukatlar\u0131n da oldu\u011fu 152.000 devlet g\u00f6revlisi ihra\u00e7 edildi ya da soru\u015fturmaya u\u011frad\u0131; gazeteciler tutukland\u0131, medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131 kapat\u0131ld\u0131 ve internet siteleri engellendi- T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de arka arkaya uzat\u0131lan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a, \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi ve keyfi bir bi\u00e7imde k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r,\u201c dedi.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek Komiser \u201cRaporun en endi\u015fe verici bulgular\u0131ndan biri\u201d diye ekledi: \u201cT\u00fcrk makamlar\u0131n\u0131n, hamile olan ya da yeni do\u011fum yapm\u0131\u015f 100 kad\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7o\u011funlukla ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenilen kocalar\u0131yla \u201ci\u015ftirakleri\u201d oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle nas\u0131l g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nabildiklerine dair raporlard\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla, baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan \u015fiddetli bir \u015fekilde ayr\u0131larak g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sadece \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz de\u011fil, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle zalimane ve kesinlikle \u00fclkeyi daha g\u00fcvenli hale getirmekle ilgili bir durum de\u011fil,\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Rapor, Nisan 2017\u2019de yap\u0131lan referandumun, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetkilerinin hem yasama hem de yarg\u0131 alan\u0131nda geni\u015fletmesinin, yarg\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flerine m\u00fcdahale edilmesi ve meclisin y\u00fcr\u00fctme \u00fczerindeki g\u00f6zetim yetkisini k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 nedeniyle ciddi problem oldu\u011funa at\u0131f yapmaktad\u0131r. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu itibar\u0131yla, bir\u00e7o\u011fu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal ile ilgili olmayan konular\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen ve sivil toplum akt\u00f6rlerinin me\u015fru bir\u00e7ok faaliyetini k\u0131s\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan yirmi iki ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal kararnamesi (raporun kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemden sonra iki tane daha) yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rapor, bu kararnamelerin, kararnameler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hareket eden idari makamlara dokunulmazl\u0131k sa\u011flayarak cezas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvik etti\u011fini de belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n
Rapor, \u00f6zel mesajla\u015fma uygulamalar\u0131 kulland\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ya da sosyal medya hesab\u0131 kontaklar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi neticesinde G\u00fclen a\u011f\u0131na d\u00e2hil olduklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve bu sebeple ihra\u00e7 edilen bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin durumuna dair bilgiler de i\u00e7ermektedir. Rapor, \u201cKararnamelerin, s\u00f6z konusu ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamayan ve yetkililere geni\u015f yetkiler veren \u2018ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle iltisakl\u0131 ve irtibatl\u0131\u2019 kavram\u0131na yayg\u0131n olarak at\u0131f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirtmekte ve \u201cciddi usul ihlalleri oldu\u011funu\u201d eklemektedir. \u201cBir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131\u2026 kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 somut bir delil sunulmad\u0131 ve bir\u00e7o\u011fu kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturmadan habersizdi.\u201d<\/p>\n
Rapor, ayr\u0131ca \u015fiddetli dayak, cinsel taciz tehdidi ve ger\u00e7ek cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131, elektrik \u015foku, bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 suya maruz b\u0131rakma d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere g\u00f6zalt\u0131nda polis, jandarma, askeri polis ve g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan i\u015fkence ve k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleyi de belgelemektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130hra\u00e7 edilenler gelirlerini, sosyal haklar\u0131n\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortalar\u0131n\u0131 ve hatta evlerini kaybettiler; \u00e7e\u015fitli kararnamelerde, ihra\u00e7 edilen kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin \u201ckamu konutlar\u0131n\u0131 ya da vak\u0131f konutlar\u0131n\u0131 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde bo\u015faltmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Raporda, \u201cOla\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc halin amac\u0131n\u0131n demokratik kurumlar\u0131n normal i\u015fleyi\u015finin yeniden tesis edilmesinden ibaret oldu\u011fu belirtilse de, kamu g\u00f6revlilerin ailelerinin kamu konutlar\u0131ndan tahliye edilmesi gibi \u00f6nlemlerin bu hedefe nas\u0131l bir katk\u0131da bulunabilece\u011fi belirsizdir,\u201d denilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Rapor ayr\u0131ca, yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 gazetecinin yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cter\u00f6r\u00fc savunan hassasiyetler\u201d i\u00e7erdi\u011fi ya da \u201cs\u00f6zl\u00fc su\u00e7lar\u201d ya da ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine \u201c\u00fcyelik\u201d sa\u00e7malamas\u0131yla tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda aralar\u0131nda \u00e7ok fazla say\u0131da K\u00fcrt odakl\u0131 internet ve uydu TV kanallar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu 100,000\u2019den fazla internet sitesinin eri\u015fime engellendi\u011fi rapor edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Rapor, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal s\u0131ras\u0131nda haklar\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tedbirlerin \u201cdurumun zaruretine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yani, tedbirlerin s\u00fcre, co\u011frafi kapsam ve maddi kapsam ile orant\u0131l\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini\u201d vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Rapor, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hali derhal sona erdirmesini, kurumlar\u0131n normal i\u015fleyi\u015flerine geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal kararnameleri de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri ile ba\u011fda\u015fmayan t\u00fcm mevzuat\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilip y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etmektedir. Rapor, ayr\u0131ca keyfi olarak g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nan ve ihra\u00e7 edilen ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve bireysel olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve tazminat sa\u011flanmas\u0131na dair ihtiyac\u0131n da alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmektedir.<\/p>\n
Rapor ayr\u0131ca, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin G\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda ya\u015fanan insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerine dair iddialar\u0131n devam etmesinin, BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Ofisinin b\u00f6lgedeki duruma dair Mart 2017 tarihinde yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporunda** vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri teyit etti\u011fini belirtmektedir. Bunlara, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme, i\u015fkence, kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131, bar\u0131nma ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n yok edilmesi, acil sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine, g\u00fcvenli su ve ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131na eri\u015fimin engellenmesi, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131n\u0131n ciddi bir \u015fekilde k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 d\u00e2hildir. Raporda, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019da 2015-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen g\u00fcvenlik operasyonlar\u0131 sebebiyle meydana gelen sivil \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ile ilgili T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ceza soru\u015fturmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Temmuz 2015 \u2013 Haziran 2017 tarihleri aras\u0131nda 10,657 \u201cter\u00f6rist etkisiz hale getirilmi\u015ftir\u201d. \u201cEtkisiz hale getirilme\u201d c\u00fcmlesinin anlam\u0131na dair belirsizlik derin bir kayg\u0131 uyand\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek Komiser Zeid, bu ki\u015filerin ak\u0131beti hakk\u0131nda yetkililerin detayl\u0131 bilgi sa\u011flamas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek Komiser \u201cT\u00fcrkiye H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019ni bu ciddi insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri iddialar\u0131n\u0131 soru\u015fturmaya ve faillerin adalete teslim edilmesini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorum\u201d dedi. \u201cH\u00fck\u00fcmete, ofisimin \u00fclkenin G\u00fcneydo\u011fusundaki insan haklar\u0131 durumunu do\u011frudan, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve nesnel olarak de\u011ferlendirebilmesi i\u00e7in tam ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z eri\u015fime izin vermesi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131 tekrar ediyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n
Bu rapor, 104 ma\u011fdur, tan\u0131k ve ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n akrabalar\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerden elde edilen bilgiler; h\u00fck\u00fcmet kaynakl\u0131 bilgilerin analizi ve ayr\u0131ca a\u00e7\u0131k kaynaklardan elde edilen dok\u00fcmanlar, uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ile g\u00f6rsel-i\u015fitsel materyaller ve ilgili ve g\u00fcvenilir di\u011fer materyallerden elde edilen bilgilere dayanarak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rapor, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki insan haklar\u0131 durumunun eksiksiz ve tam kapsaml\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 de\u011fildir, ancak \u00fclkede hak ihalelerinin \u00f6rneklerini g\u00f6stermektedir. Misillemeleri \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla kaynaklar\u0131n gizlili\u011fi kesin bir \u015fekilde korunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n