<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesi, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyeli\u011fi iddias\u0131yla tutuklanan eski bir hakimin, cezaevinde kalabal\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015fta tutulmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuruyu, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle kabul edilemez buldu.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu, \u00f6zellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015f nedeniyle tuvalet \u00f6n\u00fcnde yer yata\u011f\u0131nda yatmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine asgari ya\u015fam standard\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli e\u015fyan\u0131n ve ya\u015fam alan\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu durumun \u00e7ok uzun bir s\u00fcre devam etti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fine g\u00f6re; ba\u015fvurucu 29\/07\/2016 tarihinde tutuklanarak cezaevine girmi\u015f ve 09\/10\/2017 tarihine kadar, 1 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre boyunca, kalabal\u0131k olan s\u00f6z konusu ko\u011fu\u015fta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u011fu\u015fun ortak ya\u015fam alan\u0131 32 metrekare, yatakhane k\u0131sm\u0131 39 metrekare ve havaland\u0131rma k\u0131sm\u0131 ise 33 metrekaredir. Ko\u011fu\u015f kapasitesi ve yatak say\u0131s\u0131 16 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ko\u011fu\u015fta 25 ki\u015fi kalmaktad\u0131r. 9 ki\u015fi, baz\u0131lar\u0131 tuvalet \u00f6n\u00fcnde olmak \u00fczere yerde ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olarak yatmaktad\u0131r. Ko\u011fu\u015f mevcuduna g\u00f6re ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen toplam kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 4,25 metrekaredir. Ko\u011fu\u015fta bir adet tuvalet, bir adet banyo ve 16 adet dolap bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
AYM s\u00f6z konusu bireysel ba\u015fvuru sonucunda, ba\u015fvurucunun
\nzaman zaman yerdeki yatakta uyuyup ranzadaki yataklarda uyuyamamas\u0131n\u0131n, ba\u015fvurucunun \u00fczerinde a\u011f\u0131r bir bedensel ve ruhsal y\u00fck olu\u015fturdu\u011funun s\u00f6ylenemeyece\u011fini, odada yeterli e\u015fya dolab\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fczerinde yaratabilece\u011fi etkinin a\u011f\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ederek asgari e\u015fik derecesinin a\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu karara tek muhalif kalan heyet ba\u015fkan\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 oyunda ise ‘\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez bir olay nedeniyle ko\u011fu\u015flar\u0131n kalabal\u0131kla\u015fmas\u0131 belirli s\u00fcre makul kabul edilebilse de, ba\u015fvurucunun bir y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olarak tuvalet \u00f6n\u00fcnde yerde yatmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gere\u011fi makul s\u00fcrede gerekli tedbirleri almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011funu ve bu sebeple somut durumun Anayasan\u0131n 17\/3 maddesini ihlal etti\u011fini’ belirtmi\u015ftir (1).<\/p>\n
Anayasal d\u00fczeni, ki\u015fi hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerini birinci dereceden korumakla g\u00f6revli olan y\u00fcksek mahkeme daha \u00f6nce de, darbe giri\u015fimine i\u015ftirak bahanesiyle darbe sabah\u0131nda g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nan kendi mahkeme \u00fcyelerinin hakimlik ve mahkeme \u00fcyeli\u011fi teminatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesine sessiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Y\u00fcksek mahkeme, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ayn\u0131 \u00fcyelerinin savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 almaya veya herhangi bir soru\u015fturma yapmaya gerek g\u00f6rmeden ‘sosyal \u00e7evre kriteri’ gibi en son Hitler Almanyas\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclen ucube bir iddiaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak 2 \u00fcyesini oybirli\u011fiyle ihra\u00e7 etmi\u015fti (2).<\/p>\n
AYM, bu karar\u0131nda da benzer \u015fekilde Anayasal haklara ve Anayasa gere\u011fi uymakla zorunlu bulundu\u011fu uluslar aras\u0131 teminatlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden geldi.<\/p>\n
Avrupa \u0130\u015fkencenin ve \u0130nsanl\u0131kd\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Muamelenin veya Cezan\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Komitesinin 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ‘Ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131nda mahkum ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u015fam alan\u0131’ ile ilgili raporunda belirtilen (odadan tamamen ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan tuvalet ve banyonun kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan haricinde kalabal\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015flarda mahkum ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesi gereken) minumum ya\u015fam alan\u0131na dahi ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r (3).<\/p>\n
Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye’nin uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bulundu\u011fu Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Cezaevi Minumum Kurallar\u0131 ile Avrupa Cezaevi Kurallar\u0131 zaten \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kimselerin maddi\/fiziki imkans\u0131zl\u0131klar gere\u011fi durumlar\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu standart ve kabuller nedeniyle A\u0130HM, ko\u011fu\u015flar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131k olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Torreggiani ve Di\u011ferleri\/\u0130talya ba\u015fvurusunda, kalabal\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015flar nedeniyle hijyenik olmayan ko\u011fu\u015flarda kalmay\u0131 Varga ve Di\u011ferleri\/Macaristan ba\u015fvurusunda, ko\u011fu\u015fun kalabal\u0131k olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tutuklulara yeterli ki\u015fisel alan kalmamas\u0131 nedeniyle Mur\u0161i\u0107\/H\u0131rvatistan ba\u015fvurusunda, Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 3. maddesinin (insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 muamele yasa\u011f\u0131) ihlal edildi\u011fine h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir (4).<\/p>\n
Kendi \u00fcyelerinin savunmas\u0131n\u0131 almaya gerek g\u00f6rmeden t\u00fcm mevzuatlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde ihra\u00e7 edip bunu ‘zaman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na’ uygun bulan y\u00fcksek mahkeme, su\u00e7lu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli olmayan meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015fta tuvalet \u00f6n\u00fcnde yerde yatmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 da Anayasal g\u00fcvencelere uygun bularak yine kimseyi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kaynaklar:
\n(1) memurlar.net<\/a><\/p>\n